Pengaruh gaya kepimpinan transformasi dan gaya kepimpinan transaksi terhadap penglibatan pekerja di Pelabuhan Pulau Pinang

Employee involvement is important because when employees are involved in their work, it will increase the profitability and productivity of the organization with increased performance. As such, employees will be loyal and have no intention of leaving their organization as the employees are more committed and focused in their work. To maintain good employee engagement, transformational leadership styles and transaction leadership styles need to be well-trained and effective. 351 questionnaires were usable for analysis. Factor analysis was conducted to identify the emergence of new dimensions in the variables in this study. The results show that employee involvement has three dimensions, namely spirit, dedication and absorption. The leadership style of transformation has three dimensions namely the influence of ideas, inspirational motivation and intellectual stimulation; while the leadership style of transaction has three dimensions, namely contingent reward, management with exception (active) and
management with exception (passive). The findings of the study through regression analysis show that employee involvement has a significant relationship with the leadership style of transformation and the transaction leadership style. This study shows that transformation leadership style (influence of ideas) influences employee involvement (spirit and dedication). Meanwhile, the transaction leadership style is the dimension of management with exception (passive) only which clearly influences employee involvement (spirit). For the transformation leadership style (motivation) has been proven in which it affects employee involvement (dedication) and transaction leadership style (contingent reward) also influences employee involvement (absorption). This proves that leadership style is the determinant of employee engagement within the organization. The limitation of this study is that it the study was conducted mostly at Penang Port. It is proposed that future researcher should conduct studies on several
ports to achieve more solid and complete information.