Politik pengurusan keselamatan di Sabah

Management of security threats in Malaysia has been complicated by the existence of two physical territories between the Peninsula and Borneo that are separated by the South China Sea. Controlling and managing security, particularly in the Sabah territory, have faced myriad internal and external challenges. These challenges are indeed influenced by historical and political factors. This thesis, therefore, examines the role played by various Malaysian security agencies that involve in formulating policies, i.e., National Security Council (NSC) and other implementing agencies - Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF), the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP), Malaysia Maritime Enforcement Agency (MMEA). The thesis discusses how the internal and external political dynamics have greatly challenged those agencies in managing ' 'Sabah's security. In addition, this thesis also analyses other influencing factors like ' 'Sabah's physical geography and regional politics, which could affect security agencies' effectiveness in managing the threats. This thesis applies the Developing 'Countries' National Security Theory as a major theoretical framework. The qualitative approach was used as a research design, where cross-sectional case studies and library research were adopted as the main method. The study used two major data- primary and secondary. The primary data were mainly official reports and statistics issued by the federal and state governments and interviews with the key informants. Secondary data were obtained through library research. The thesis findings show that the territory of Sabah's security management has dynamism compared to other states or territories. Its socio-economy structure, local political squabbling, and federal-state relations complicate the territory's security management. Although the Federal government is constitutionally responsible for managing Sabah's security and sovereignty, political cooperation and understanding are also crucial to ensure effective management. These factors also explain why the implementing security agencies involved face numerous policy changes. The security and political development in the Philippines also complicate Sabah's security management. This issue involves diplomatic relations between two countries and the intervention of interested actors. The security 'agencies' ability was challenged several times, among others, in the Lahad Datu incursion incident. The incident has forced the federal and state government to join hands to strengthen the security and defence of the east of Sabah