Factors affecting brain drain (intention to migrate) among gen Z workforces in e-commerce industry in Malaysia

The outflow of talent in Malaysia is projected to reach new heights and this issue is potentially impacting economic and social challenges. Economists often refer to this phenomenon as "Brain Drain (intention to migrate) " or “brain waste.” In general, only few studies have examined factors influencing Brain Drain (intention to migrate) among the Gen Z workforces and prior research on Brain Drain (intention to migrate) among Malaysian Gen Z is almost non-existent. Hence, the aims of this study are to determine the relationship between these factors (Standard of Living, Career Growth, Safety and Security Concerns and Infrastructure and Development) and Brain Drain (intention to migrate) among the Gen Z workforces working in e-Commerce industry. The researcher has employed a quantitative approach and convenient sampling method in which questionnaires had been distributed to Gen Z workforces in e-commerce industry in Malaysia and 198 usable responses had successfully recorded. The result shows that independent variables of this study such as Standard of Living and Infrastructure and Development has strong and positive relationship with Brain Drain (intention to migrate). On the other hand, independent variables such as Career Growth and Safety and Security Systems are positively related to Brain Drain (intention to migrate). This study provides recommendation for future studies and researcher urge relevant departments and authorities to prioritise Brain Drain (intention to migrate) issue by referring to this study.