Ergonomic risk factors of human, equipment, environment, work area and job stress outcome among healthcare worker

This study investigated the relationship between ergonomic risk factor of human, equipment, work area, environment and job stress outcomes among healthcare workers in the northern region of Peninsular Malaysia. It was a quantitative research method and the data were collected through cross-sectional study involving 338 respondents selected through stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Smart PLS software. The finding revealed, the ergonomic risk factors of human, equipment and environment variables were significantly influence job stress. Meanwhile, work area variable was proven insignificant relationship towards job stress outcome. Human factors, including physical and psychological capabilities, emerged as a critical determinant of job stress, indicating that mismatches between job demands and individual capacities contribute to heightened stress levels. However, poorly designed or maintained equipment was found to significantly exacerbate job stress, suggesting the importance of ergonomic equipment in mitigating stress-related issues. Environmental factors, such as lighting, noise, and temperature, were also significantly associated with job stress, underscoring the need for conducive workplace conditions. In contrast, the work area factor, which included spatial layout and workstation design, was found to have no significant relationship with job stress outcomes. This finding suggests that while spatial design is important, it may not directly impact stress levels as strongly as other ergonomic risk factors.