Influence of safety knowledge, safety motivation, perceived work pressure on safety compliance among food delivery riders

Ensuring safety compliance among food delivery riders is essential for minimizing workplace hazards and safeguarding their well-being. This study investigates the effects of safety knowledge, safety motivation, and perceived work pressure on safety compliance among p-hailing riders in Malaysia. A quantitative approach was employed using a cross-sectional design, with data collected through an online survey. The study targeted active food delivery riders from major platforms such as GrabFood and Foodpanda, utilizing convenience sampling techniques. A total of 113 respondents participated. The results revealed that safety knowledge significantly enhances safety compliance, while perceived work pressure negatively affects compliance. However, the influence of safety motivation on safety compliance was found to be statistically insignificant. These findings suggest that while improving safety knowledge is crucial for compliance, motivation alone may not be sufficient to encourage safer behaviors. Theoretically, this research extends Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) by demonstrating how personal factors (knowledge and motivation) and an environmental factor (work pressure) interact to influence safety behaviors in the gig economy context. Practically, the results offer valuable insights to policymakers, platform providers, and regulatory bodies, enabling the design of targeted interventions to improve rider safety and address job-related pressures.