Gelagat pengguna cermin mata bagi gangguan biasan penglihatan: kajian kes di Kota Medan, Indonesia

Refractive disorders, which affect individuals across all age groups, account for 43 percent of vision problems when left uncorrected. In Medan City, these disorders are the leading cause of vision issues despite being manageable with health-standard-compliant glasses. However, alarmingly, there is a growing trend among eyeglass users to neglect these standards. Using a combination of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model, the Theory of Reasoned Action, and the Theory of Planned Behaviour, this study examines the behaviour of eyeglass users with refractive disorders, taking into consideration sociocultural, personal, psychological, and enabling factors that shape users’ attitudes and decisions. This qualitative research utilised content analysis of primary data, including interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and official sources, as well as secondary data from reputable publications. The FGDs were conducted in three sessions involving 18 purposively selected individuals with refractive disorder, while interviews were held with eight expert and professional respondents. The findings revealed that consumer behaviour is shaped by knowledge, glass quality, needs, fashion, comfort, perception, and economic considerations. These factors categorise users into three behavioural types: (i) users who comply with health standards, (ii) users who do not comply, and (iii) users who exhibit inconsistent behaviour between compliance and negligence. The study also finds that subjective norms such as sociocultural pressure from the surrounding environment and the perceived need to maintain eye health that significantly influence users’ behavioural intentions. Personal factors were found to influence decisions regarding eyeglass model, colour, trends, and pricing. In contrast, psychological factors, motives, and perceptions shape the intent of individuals with refractive disorder in their eyeglass usage. Meanwhile, preferential tendencies influence behaviours such as the selection of lenses and frames, payment methods, examination and purchase locations, and the use of spectacles in daily activities. Regarding the fifth objective, the findings indicate that enabling factors play a crucial role in regulating eyeglass usage to ensure compliance with health standards. This study concludes by emphasising the importance of using spectacles that meet health standards, as recommended by trained health professionals. It also highlights the importance of ongoing public education and robust policy frameworks in fostering consumer protection and compliance.