Determinants of panic purchase behaviour among Malaysian consumers

Panic purchase behaviour is impulsive buying triggered by crises, leading to societal challenges like supply shortages. Despite its impact during emergencies, research on this behaviour within the Malaysian context remains limited. This study examines the influence of perceived scarcity, fear, perceived severity, anxiety, and social influence on panic buying, while exploring the mediating role of perceived scarcity based on the SOR model and Dual System Theory. Data were collected from 308 respondents in Malaysia who had engaged in panic purchases using convenience sampling. Analysis was performed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLSSEM). While panic buying is significantly driven by fear, anxiety, and social influence, factors such as perceived severity and scarcity do not show a direct effect. Furthermore, although perceived scarcity correlates significantly with fear, severity, and social influence, it does not function as a mediator within these relationships. The findings suggest that policymakers and retailers should employ strategic communication to mitigate panic buying. To deepen this understanding, future research should incorporate macroeconomic factors and longitudinal designs, which would help identify economic triggers and develop strategies to stabilize markets during crises