Pengaruh kepimpinan spiritual pengetua dan motivasi kerja guru terhadap prestasi guru-guru sekolah menengah kebangsaan di negeri Kelantan

The fourth shift in the Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2025 focuses primarily on efforts to enhance teacher performance. The demands and challenges in the field of education have adversely affected teachers' work motivation and performance. Thus, spiritual leadership is proposed as an alternative to improve teachers' motivation and performance. This study aims to examine the influence of spiritual leadership and work motivation toward teacher performance. In addition, study also trying to explore the influence of work motivation (mediator) towards the relationship between spiritual leadership and teacher performance. This study also researches the level of spiritual leadership, work motivation and teacher performance, also identify the differences based on demographic factors such as gender, age, and teaching experience. A quantitative approach and a cross-sectional survey method were employed to collect data from 380 respondents. The instruments used were a combination of the Spiritual Leadership, Work Motivation, and Teacher Performance questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings indicate that the practice of spiritual leadership, work motivation, and teacher performance are at a high level. The results also show no significant differences in all three variables based on gender, age, and teaching experience. In addition, there is a significant relationship between spiritual leadership, work motivation, and teacher performance. The analysis demonstrates a significant influence of spiritual leadership and work motivation on teacher performance. Work motivation is found to act as a mediator in the relationship between spiritual leadership and teacher performance. This study emphasizes the role of spiritual leadership in boosting teachers' motivation and performance, contributing to related theories. School leaders are advised to prioritize employees' motivation and spiritual needs to enhance teacher performance.