Pengaruh pemantauan dan kepimpinan transformasi terhadap kepimpinan autentik dalam kalangan pentadbir universiti awam: Peranan lokus kawalan sebagai pemboleh ubah pengantara

The objective of this study was to identify the influence of monitoring and transformational leadership on authentic leadership among Administrators in the public universities in Malaysia. This study also aimed to identify the significance of the locus of control as a mediator in the relationship between monitoring, transformational leadership and authentic leadership. For the purposes of data analysis and hypothesis testing, several statistical methods such as multiple regression analysis were used to understand the dimensionality of the variables. The findings of this study showed that, via factor analysis testing, monitoring is represented by 3 dimensions, namely periodic monitoring, informal discussion and observation. Transformational leadership is represented by individualized consideration, idealized influence, individual intellectual considerations, charismatic leaders and intellectual stimulation. Locus of control is only represented by internal control, while authentic leadership is represented by 2 dimensions, namely moral transparency and self-awareness. The effect of monitoring on authentic leadership was tested by using the multiple regression analysis. It is found that periodic monitoring influences significantly both moral transparency and self-awareness. Informal discussion and observation only influence self-awareness. Unfortunately, informal discussion influences self-awareness negatively. The dependant variable, which is moral transparency, is directly influenced by frequent monitoring, individual consideration, enhancing ideal influence and individual intellectual consideration. Hierarchical multiple regression was performed to test the influence of the mediating variable, which is locus of control. It is hoped that this study may increase their leadership skills, accountability, integrity, and efficiency in good governance among Administrators in public universities. Lastly, theoretical and practical implications, limitations and recommendations for future research are also highlighted in this study.